May 17, 2024

Undergraduate Bulletin 2022-2023

Undergraduate Bulletin 2022-2023 Archived Bulletin

Course Descriptions

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Management Information Systems
	L.CIT 485 - Systems Engineering Credits: 3 This course uses modeling techniques that aid in the analysis of computer information systems. Students will study, create, and analyze various models and utilize them in designing these systems. Students will also analyze how these systems fit into an organization’s overall structure and strategic plan. Prerequisite: L.CSC 115 ; L.CIT 317 ; L.CIT 318 ; Senior Standing Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
Music
	L.MUS 100 - Soundscapes Credits: 3 This course offers its participants a unique opportunity to examine and expand their understanding and definitions of music on both personal and communal levels. Music is both science and art, existing in diverse communal configurations. An enlarged appreciation of the intersection of sound and significance (what does this sound “mean”) invites a deeper listening, one that is beyond mere hearing. Students will explore selected musical compositions and attend “live” concert venues and create their own composition. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 101 - Music Theory I-EC Credits: 3 This course develops an integrated approach to the fundamental materials of music as experienced in a diversity of historical, social, and cultural contexts and musical systems. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Creativity, Aesthetics, & Design-EC Requirements: Music Majors and Minors must be concurrently enrolled in L.MUS 103 .
	L.MUS 102 - Music Theory II Credits: 3 This course offers an integrated presentation of the fundamental materials of music, including harmony, chord recognition and analysis, musical forms, and beginning composition. Prerequisite: L.MUS 101 or Instructor Permission Co-requisite: Music Majors and Minors: L.MUS 104 General Education Classification: Not Applicable Requirements: Music Majors and Minors must be concurrently enrolled in L.MUS 104 .
	L.MUS 103 - Aural Skills I Credits: 1 Aural Skills I reinforces concepts learned in music theory by developing the essential skill of turning printed music into sound, focusing on the foundational material of keys, scales, and diatonic music. The course will introduce aural skills through well-established ear-training tools such as solfege, count-singing, rhythmic and melodic dictation, and duet work. Music Majors and Minors must be concurrently enrolled in L.MUS 101 . Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 104 - Aural Skills II Credits: 1 As an intermediate course, Aural Skills II will reinforce theoretical concepts such that it will become possible for students to translate those concepts to sound, identify those concepts in performance, and ultimately use their aural skills to be more successful musicians, teachers, and performers. This course will additionally bring the Loras music majors into greater alignment with best practices for music majors across the country. Prerequisite: L.MUS 101 ; L.MUS 103 Co-requisite: Music Majors and Minors: L.MUS 102 General Education Classification: Not Applicable Requirements: Music Majors and Minors must be concurrently enrolled in L.MUS 102 .
	L.MUS 110 - Voice Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 121 - Piano Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 122 - Organ Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 123 - Harpsichord Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 131 - Violin Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 132 - Viola Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 133 - Cello Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 134 - String Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 135 - Guitar Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 141 - Flute Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 142 - Oboe Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 143 - Clarinet Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 144 - Saxophone Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 145 - Bassoon Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 151 - Trumpet Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 152 - French Horn Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 153 - Trombone Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 154 - Baritone Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 155 - Tuba Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 160 - Percussion Credits: 1-2 Applied music course. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 174 - String Techniques Credits: 1 Skills and materials to organize and teach string instruments in the schools. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 175 - Woodwind Techniques Credits: 1 Skills and materials to organize and teach woodwind instruments in the schools. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 176 - Brass Techniques Credits: 1 Skills and materials to organize and teach brass instruments in the schools. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 177 - Percussion Techniques Credits: 1 Skills and materials to organize and teach percussion in the schools. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 178 - Vocal Techniques Credits: 1 Students enrolled in this course will be introduced to the pedagogy and physiology of the voice, work with the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), grow in their ability to use their singing voices, and synthesize course material to teach group and individual voice lessons. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 181 - Loras Wind Ensemble Credits: 0-1 Prerequisite: Audition and Instructor Permission Required Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable Requirements: Audition and instructor permission.
	L.MUS 182 - Loras Jazz Ensemble Credits: 0-1 Prerequisite: Audition and Instructor Permission Required Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable Requirements: Audition and instructor permission.
	L.MUS 183 - Loras Concert Choir Credits: 0-1 Prerequisite: Audition and Instructor Permission Required Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable Requirements: Audition and instructor permission.
	L.MUS 184 - Loras Chamber Singers Credits: 0-1 Prerequisite: Audition and Instructor Permission Required Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable Requirements: Audition and instructor permission.
	L.MUS 185 - Bella Voce (Women’s Choir) Credits: 0-1 Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 186 - Con Brio (Men’s Choir) Credits: 0-1 Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 188 - Chamber Ensembles Credits: 0-1 Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 189 - Touring Choir Credits: 1 Students enrolled in Touring Choir will engage in musical, historical, and cultural learning that will enrich the student experience of national and international choir tours. This course is a supplement to L.MUS 183 Loras Concert Choir and L.MUS 184 Loras Chamber Singers and is specifically for those students involved in choir tour. Restriction: Instructor permission required; enrolled students must be participating in choir tour. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 203 - Music Theory III Credits: 3 A continuation of L.MUS 101 and L.MUS 102 , with further development of the involved material. Prerequisite: L.MUS 101 ; L.MUS 102 Co-requisite: Music Majors and Minors: L.MUS 205 . General Education Classification: Not Applicable Requirements: Music Majors and Minors must be concurrently enrolled in L.MUS 205 .
	L.MUS 205 - Aural Skills III Credits: 1 Aural Skills III reinforces concepts learned in music theory by developing the essential skill of turning printed music into sound, focusing on the advanced material of chromatic intervals, mode mixture, and borrowed rhythms. The course will continue developing aural skills through well-established ear-training tools such as solfege, count-singing, rhythmic and melodic dictation, interval training, and duet work. Prerequisite: L.MUS 101 ; L.MUS 102 ; L.MUS 103 ; L.MUS 104 Co-requisite: Music Majors and Minors: L.MUS 203 . General Education Classification: Not Applicable Requirements: Music Majors and Minors must be concurrently enrolled in L.MUS 203 .
	L.MUS 214 - World Music and Cultures-EI Credits: 3 Through studying selected music and musical traditions from around the world, this course explores the ways that music is both shaped by and gives shape to the cultural settings in which it is performed. Specific case studies will be examined through listening, research, analysis, reflection and classroom instruction. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Identity, Culture, & Society-EI
	L.MUS 215 - Western European Music History from Antiquity through 1750 Credits: 3 The course will examine the developments and stylistic features of significant musical genres, the contributions of various composers and their seminal works, and a contextualization of music history through the examination of political, social, artistic, and philosophical movements. Students will identify the above through listening; they will apply their understanding of the above through programming, research, and writing. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 216 - Western European Music History from 1750 through Today Credits: 3 The course will examine the developments and stylistic features of significant musical genres, the contributions of various composers and their seminal works, and a contextualization of music history through the examination of political, social, artistic, and philosophical movements. Students will identify the above through listening; they will apply their understanding of the above through programming, research, and writing. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 230 - Basic Conducting Credits: 2 Basic techniques and principles of conducting. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 233 - Curriculum and Instruction in Music K-6 Credits: 3 Goals, content, materials, and teaching strategies and basic music skills for planning and implementing music experiences in the music classroom are primary components in this course. Creative activities and experiments that promote music across the curriculum are included. Lesson planning for musical content area is also expected. Prerequisite: Admission to Teacher Education Program Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 295 - Topics Credits: 1 Music topics course. Used to develop courses which have not been approved under another catalog number. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 309 - Orchestration Credits: 2 The basic technique of arranging music for instrumental and vocal ensembles. Prerequisite: L.MUS 203 or equivalent Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 321 - History of Sacred Music Credits: 3 Music of the Western church has had a profound influence on the development of Western classical music. Specifically, how that music should be crafted and presented in worship has been a topic of debate throughout time. This course provides a general survey of the development of Christian church music throughout the centuries and delves into issues surrounding music and worship. Prerequisite: L.LIB 101 ; L.ENG 105 ; L.COM 110 ; L.LIB 230 or L.LIB 235 Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 337 - Secondary Music Methods Credits: 3 Materials and methods appropriate for general music classes, as well as choral and instrumental organizations on the junior and senior high school levels are presented. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 338 - Advanced Conducting Credits: 2 This course is designed for those students majoring in Music or Music Education in order to further develop their conducting skills. Through drill and practice, students will be asked to develop their own personal style of conducting which is both effective and inspirational to their chosen ensembles. Students will be given ample opportunities to work with their peers and with other ensembles to improve their art of conducting. The skills taught are necessary for professional music educators as well as for those students majoring in music who wish to pursue performance opportunities. Outside of class conducting experiences will be expected of all students enrolled in this course. Prerequisite: L.MUS 230 ; Not open to First-Year Students Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 395 - Music Topics Credits: 0-3 An examination of music topics and/or issues. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.MUS 450 - Senior Capstone-IN Credits: 1 The Senior Capstone must be taken in conjunction with a 2 credit applied lesson during the Senior Year. This course will explore a variety of scholarly and professional activities to deepen the understanding of literature and build a strong recital program and program notes. Additionally, students will explore how music and the liberal arts experience impacts their sense of vocational identity. Prerequisite: Senior Standing; Music Majors Only Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Integrative Capstone-IN Requirements: Students must be enrolled in 2 credits of Applied Major Study.
Neuroscience
	L.NEU 201 - Behavioral Neuroscience Credits: 3 This course will explore the structure and function relationship at the molecular, cellular, synaptic, circuit, and behavioral levels of the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS and PNS). To appreciate how the brain works to produce specific behaviors, topics to be covered include functional neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, sensory and motor systems, learning and memory, and emotion. Students will integrate behavioral and biological information to fully appreciate the complex workings of the brain. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.NEU 202 - Research Experience Credits: 1 This lab course is designed to introduce students to methods utilized in neuroscience. Depending on the faculty member, the methods that will be highlighted will be either cellular and molecular techniques and animal models; or cognition-based assessments and human behavior. This lab should be taken con-currently with L.NEU 201 or after. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.NEU 211 - Techniques in Neuroscience Credits: 3 This course will introduce students to techniques relevant to the field of neuroscience, both in terms of the theory that describes the techniques and in terms of practicing the techniques with biological samples. Students will read and discuss primary literature sources from work with both human and non-human models. Extensive laboratory work will teach students laboratory techniques that may include sterile technique, radioimmunoassay, and enzyme immunoassay. Part of the term may be spent at a University. Prerequisite: L.NEU 201 ; Neuroscience Majors Only; Instructor Permission Required Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.NEU 281 - Exploring the Brain through TBI Credits: 3 It is difficult to fully understand how the brain functions under completely normal working conditions. One technique used to investigate brain functioning through clinical cases where there has been trauma in a specified region of the brain. Thus, in people with traumatic brain injuries (TBI) neuroscientists can locate the region of trauma and any change in functioning of the individual. This course is designed to explore the brain through various historical cases and provide a deeper understanding of neuro-functioning from resulting deficits in dissociated brain regions. Clinical cases will be provided as we travel from the frontal lobe to the temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe and beyond. Prerequisite: L.BIO 345 Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.NEU 301 - Neuropsychiatric Diseases Credits: 3 This course will explore how translational research applies neuroscience knowledge to inform, prevent, treat, and cure brain diseases. Some topics will include the role of the blood brain barrier in preventing disease, the role of both central and peripheral cytokines in the manifestation of psychiatric disorders, how genetic and environmental factors influence susceptibility to psychiatric conditions, and several psychiatric conditions including Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and Alzheimer’s Diseases, anxious and depressive disorders, and multiple sclerosis. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.NEU 311 - Hormones and Behavior Credits: 3 This course will introduce students to several topics within the field of neuroendocrinology. Topics to be discussed will include the blood brain barrier, synthesis and release of neurotransmitters relevant to behavior, psychosomatic interactions, and the effects of various monoamine, peptide, and steroid hormones on sexual, reproductive, affiliative, aggressive, parental, and reward-seeking behaviors. In addition to readings from the text, students will read and discuss primary literature sources from work with both human and non-human models. Laboratory work will teach students several research skills and laboratory techniques including study design, behavioral observation and scoring, blood sampling, processing and storage, and data set management. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.NEU 391 - Functional Neuroanatomy Credits: 4 We will study the topography, functional distribution of nerve cell bodies, and ascending and descending tracts in the spinal cord. Brainstem organization and functional components will be covered, to include cranial nerve nuclei, ascending/descending pathways, structure and information flow in the cerebellar and vestibular systems. Once we have identified all of the functional units of the nervous system, we will continue with how these various pieces and parts work together: motor and sensory systems, cortical versus cerebellar systems, and their functional integration. Prerequisite: L.BIO 115 ; Not open to First-Year Students Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.NEU 490 - Junior Seminar I Credits: 3 This course will serve as the first semester of a capstone series for all students completing a major in Neuroscience. The course will meet once per week, and majors will enroll in the course during the fall semester of their Junior year at Loras College (exceptions (e.g. for study abroad programs, etc.) will be made at the discretion of the Neuroscience faculty). Prerequisite: Neuroscience Majors Only Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.NEU 491 - Senior Seminar II-IN Credits: 3 This course will serve as the second semester of a capstone series for all students completing a major in neuroscience. The course meetings will occur once per week, and majors will enroll in the course during the spring semester of their senior year at Loras College (exceptions (e.g. for study abroad programs, etc.) will be made at the discretion of the neuroscience faculty). Prerequisite: L.NEU 490 ; Neuroscience Majors Only; Senior Standing Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Integrative Capstone-IN
Philosophy
	L.PHI 110 - Introduction to Philosophy-EI Credits: 3 An introduction to philosophy, its nature, methodology, principal themes, questions, disagreements, and prominent philosophers, as represented in each of the four major philosophic periods: ancient, medieval, modern, and contemporary. Prerequisite: Not open to students that have taken L.PHI 111 Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Identity, Culture, & Society-EI
	L.PHI 111 - Introduction to Philosophy: J-Term-EC Credits: 3 An introduction to philosophy, its nature, methodology, principal themes, questions, disagreements, and prominent philosophers, as represented in each of the four major philosophic periods: ancient, medieval, modern, and contemporary. The focus of this J-term course will be on influential allegories, parables, and dialogues developed by philosophers. Prerequisite: First-Year Students Only; Not open to students that have taken L.PHI 110 Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Creativity, Aesthetics, & Design-EC
	L.PHI 150 - Introduction to Logic Credits: 3 This course will teach students to develop analytical and logical reasoning skills. In addition to surveying the basic principles of informal logic and the identification of informal fallacies, students will be introduced to three formal systems of logic: term logic, propositional logic, and predicate logic. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.PHI 220 - Ancient Philosophy Credits: 3 A survey of Western philosophy in ancient Greek and Roman cultures. Central issues include: integration of poetic and mythic worldviews with critical thought; themes of “one and the many” and “part and whole” amid material and immaterial existence; determination, freedom, chance, and fate; the inclination toward human happiness; cognitive access to “reality” and the acts of opinion, belief, and knowledge. Prerequisite: Recommended: L.PHI 110 or L.PHI 150 Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.PHI 221 - Medieval Philosophy Credits: 3 A survey of Christian, Jewish and Islamic philosophy from the early middle ages through Renaissance scholasticism, with particular attention to the work of Thomas Aquinas. Prerequisite: Recommended: L.PHI 110 or L.PHI 150 Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.PHI 225 - Art, Beauty & Meaning Credits: 3 This course explores the nature of art, the meaning of beauty, and the relationship between the two by consulting selected writings and by directly experiencing and studying specific works of art (and, in some cases, by interacting with the artists who produced them). Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.PHI 235 - Science, Faith, and Knowledge Credits: 3 This course will provide an interdisciplinary theoretical and practical introduction to scientific literacy in the natural, human, and behavioral sciences. It aims to assists students in the construction of intellectual frameworks based in sound reason with which to consider the dynamic relationships among empirical scientific research, philosophical commitments, and theological beliefs. Students will be challenged to engage and assess scientific data as well as critically reflect on its practical, personal, and pastoral applications. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable Restrictions: Not open to students who have completed L.RST 285 Cross-listed: This course is cross-listed as L.RST 285 . The courses are identical but transcripts will reflect the course number (L.RST or L.PHI) that a student registers for and completes.
	L.PHI 250 - Human Identity in Community-EI Credits: 3 Philosophic investigation into human identity as a rational and social being, relying upon common experience, culture, and selected findings of the natural, social, and behavioral sciences; attention given to the distinct powers, performances, and place of human beings within the natural order, and insights related to the self and society, including the themes of life, mutual dependence, freedom, unity, knowledge and practical reason, and the afterlife. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Identity, Culture, & Society-EI
	L.PHI 278 - Bioethics, Society & Culture Credits: 3 Abortion, assisted reproductive technologies, death and dying, research on human subjects, stem cell research, organ transplants, allocation of resources in a pandemic, and healthcare for the poor are examined through the lenses of philosophical ethics, Catholic moral theology, and law and public policy. Students will interact with healthcare professionals and institutions and advocacy groups, discuss contemporary films, and assess internet websites. Prerequisite: Not open to students that have taken L.PHI-319 Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.PHI 301 - Foundations of Ethics Credits: 3 This course will examine the basic questions of morality and the answers that have been developed within the Western philosophical and Christian theological traditions. Important historical and contemporary primary source material will be examined. Prerequisite: Not open to First-Year Students Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable Restrictions: Not open to students who have completed L.RST 370 Cross-listed: This course is cross-listed as L.RST 370 . The courses are identical but transcripts will reflect the course number (L.PHI or L.RST) that a student registers for and completes.
	L.PHI 311 - Business Ethics-VX Credits: 3 This course studies basic moral principles and theories as they apply in the evaluation of the moral issues that arise in the three basic kinds of business relationships: between the employee and the firm, between the firm and other economic agents, and between the firm and various non-business groups. Prerequisite: Catholic Traditions (CT) Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Values in Action-VX
	L.PHI 322 - Modern Philosophy Credits: 3 Survey of philosophical thought during the 17th and 18th centuries, noting emphases upon methodology, mathematics, science, and progress by Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, and Kant. These thinkers continue to influence present attitudes toward the starting point and structure of knowledge, the possibility of metaphysics, the relation of the world to God, and our own human composition, freedom, and destiny. Prerequisite: Recommended: L.PHI 110 or L.PHI 150 Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.PHI 323 - Contemporary Philosophy Credits: 3 An examination of the principal views of God, humanity, and the world as advanced by major contemporary philosophers and philosophical movements, including existentialism and phenomenology, American pragmatic and instrumentalist philosophy, analytic and positivist philosophy, dialectical thought. Prerequisite: Recommended: L.PHI 110 or L.PHI 150 Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.PHI 331 - Knowledge, Truth & Reality Credits: 3 The study of what and how things exist in the world (metaphysics/philosophy of being), and how we cognitively experience and understand these things (epistemology/philosophy of knowledge); includes notions of being in itself, potency and actuality; causality; the properties of unity, good, and beauty; the nature of evil; intellect and sense perception; truth and falsity; and subjective states of certainty, doubt, ignorance, and error. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.PHI 333 - Philosophy of God & Religion Credits: 3 An examination of attempts to justify belief in the existence of God, the divine nature and attributes, the problem of evil, religious experience, the status of religious language, and divine action in the world, using historical, contemporary, and multicultural sources. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.PHI 345 - Sustainability Ethics-VX Credits: 3 This course will integrate environmental ethics, environmental science, and community based learning in order to foster independent learning, creative inquiry, and applied ethical reasoning in the area of sustainability. The course will introduce systems thinking and engage the tradition of American environmentalism with particular attention to the tensions between ‘conservationist’ and ‘preservationist’ approaches. Approved for Community Based Learning. Prerequisite: Catholic Traditions (CT) Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Values in Action-VX
	L.PHI 348 - Philosophy of Science Credits: 3 Examination of basic problems about the nature, goals, and methods of scientific inquiry in contrast to philosophy; analysis of scientific theories in terms of the role of mathematics, observation, causality, and demonstration; and examination of the contrast between natural and social sciences. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.PHI 350 - Human Identity in Community Credits: 3 Philosophic investigation into human identity as a rational and social being, relying upon common experience, culture, and selected findings of the natural, social, and behavioral sciences; attention given to the distinct powers, performances, and place of human beings within the natural order, and insights related to the self and society, including the themes of life, mutual dependence, freedom, unity, knowledge and practical reason, and the afterlife. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.PHI 490E - Oral Comprehensive Examination Credits: 1 A placeholder course which indicates attempt and completion of the required comprehensive oral examination in front of philosophy faculty members. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable Pass/Fail Pass/fail only.
Physics
	L.PHY 208 - Astronomy-ES Credits: 4 This course engages students in an exploration of the utility of scientific models in interpreting the vast complexity in the observable universe. The scientific models are developed through student-centered observations and explorations. The objectives of this course are to promote quantitative as well as qualitative skills in the study of celestial observations and motions, the analysis of astrophysical spectra, comparative planetary geology, and the structure of stars and galaxies as well as their genesis and evolution. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Scientific Inquiry and Innovation-ES
	L.PHY 210 - Elements of Physics I-QR Credits: 4 Introductory, algebra-based physics that satisfies requirements for programs in the life sciences and healthcare professions. Topics include mechanics, sound, and heat. Prerequisite: L.MAT 117 or higher Co-requisite: L.PHY 290 General Education Classification: Quantitative Reasoning-QR Lecture/lab Three lectures and one three-hour laboratory (L.PHY 290 ) period per week.
	L.PHY 211 - Elements of Physics II Credits: 4 A continuation of L.PHY 210 . Introductory, algebra-based physics that satisfies requirements for programs in the life sciences and healthcare professions. Topics include electricity, magnetism, optics, as well as introductory quantum, atomic and nuclear physics. Prerequisite: L.PHY 210 or equivalent. Co-requisite: L.PHY 291 General Education Classification: Not Applicable Lecture/lab Three lectures and one three-hour laboratory (L.PHY 291 ) period per week.
	L.PHY 223 - Physics for Scientists & Engineers I-QR Credits: 5 Introductory calculus-based physics that satisfies requirements for programs in the mathematical, engineering, chemical and physical sciences. Topics include mechanics, heat, and sound. Prerequisite: L.MAT 150 ; L.MAT 160 Co-requisite: L.PHY 290 General Education Classification: Quantitative Reasoning-QR Lecture/lab Four class periods and one three-hour laboratory period per week.
	L.PHY 224 - Physics for Scientists & Engineers II Credits: 5 A continuation of L.PHY 223 . Introductory calculus-based physics that satisfies requirements for programs in the mathematical, engineering, chemical and physical sciences. Topics include electricity, magnetism and optics, as well as introductory quantum, atomic and nuclear physics. Prerequisite: L.PHY 223 ; L.MAT 160 Co-requisite: L.PHY 291 General Education Classification: Not Applicable Lecture/lab Four class periods and one three-hour laboratory period per week.
	L.PHY 290 - Physics Lab I Credits: 0 Students work in groups to conduct experiments designed to help understanding of lecture material. Must be taken with concurrently with the lecture class. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: L.PHY 210 or L.PHY 223 General Education Classification: Not Applicable Lecture/lab Three-hour laboratory course to accompany L.PHY 210 and L.PHY 223 .
	L.PHY 291 - Physics Lab II Credits: 0 Students work in groups to conduct experiments designed to help understanding of lecture material. Must be taken concurrently with the lecture class. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: L.PHY 211 or L.PHY 224 General Education Classification: Not Applicable Lecture/lab Three-hour laboratory course to accompany L.PHY 211 and L.PHY 224 .
	L.PHY 331 - Modern Physics Credits: 3 A discussion of the modern knowledge of the nature and properties of electrons, photons, atoms and molecules. Topics include the fundamental experiments of quantum physics, atomic spectra and structure, special relativity, and an introduction to quantum mechanics. Prerequisite: L.PHY 224 ; L.MAT 260 Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
Politics
	L.POL 101 - Issues in American Politics-EI Credits: 3 This course is a basic introduction to the primary features of the American political system. Woven throughout the course is an exploration of some of the most pressing issues in contemporary American politics, and includes interdisciplinary perspectives on political phenomena. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Identity, Culture, & Society-EI
	L.POL 121 - Issues in Global Politics-EI Credits: 3 This course introduces the major problems confronting the international community and that community’s efforts to address them. The focus is on common global issues such as globalization, nationalism, human rights, war, economic development, poverty, the status of women, and the environment. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Identity, Culture, & Society-EI
	L.POL 131 - Foundations of Western Political Thought-EI Credits: 3 This course examines the history of political thought in the West by drawing on an analysis of original texts from Plato through the 20th century, with particular attention to how different thinkers have addressed the same kinds of perennial questions about political life in radically different ways. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Identity, Culture, & Society-EI
	L.POL 201 - Campaigns & Elections Credits: 3 This course examines the nature of political campaigns and elections in the United States, with particular attention to presidential and Congressional elections. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.POL 202 - Congress & the Presidency-EI Credits: 3 This course examines the structure and power of the two branches of government and the relationship between them. It pays particular attention to the constitutional, institutional, partisan, and personal bases for cooperation and conflict between the two, as well as their interactions in a number of policy fields. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Identity, Culture, & Society-EI
	L.POL 203 - The Road to the White House Credits: 3 This course provides students the opportunity to both study and participate in the Iowa caucuses. Students will examine the issues, voters, interest groups, campaigns, and candidates. Through direct observation of the campaigns and candidates, and the collection of campaign artifacts students will analyze political tactics and decisions, as well as the electorate. As part of the course students will choose what party to caucus with and ultimately which presidential candidate they support by caucusing for that candidate on election night. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.POL 204 - State & Local Politics Credits: 3 This course explores politics and policy at the state and local level in the United States. Unlike many others, the United States is a country in which states and localities retain much independent power and authority to make and implement policy. The policies created at these sub-national levels often vary greatly and reflect their own complex political and economic histories and cultures. This course provides students a corrective to the common tendencies to ignore the state and local in favor of the national/federal and to see the United States as simply a uniform, top-down, political system. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.POL 211 - Comparative Politics Credits: 3 This course introduces issues and concepts in comparative politics such as power, authority, legitimacy, the state and sovereignty. It offers an in-depth comparison of the features and performances of democratic, authoritarian, and totalitarian political regimes, including countries as case studies for each type of regime. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.POL 215 - Nationalism-EI Credits: 3 This is a January-term study travel course. Its focus is nationalism, one of the most powerful political forces shaping the modern world. Each iteration of the course will include a common initial section on the dynamics of nationalism generally, followed by an in-depth case study of these dynamics at work in a particular national context. Depending on the year and instructor, possible cases studies include travel to Ireland, China, Ukraine, Poland, Puerto Rico, Japan, Scotland, Quebec, Spain, Belgium, or India. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Identity, Culture, & Society-EI
	L.POL 221 - International Politics Credits: 3 The course examines the origins and evolution of the modern international system with a focus on nationalism, violent conflict, diplomacy, international organizations and law, global political economy, and emerging issues and patterns in the post-Cold War period. It integrates theoretical perspectives with current issues. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Not Applicable
	L.POL 232 - American Political Thought-EI Credits: 3 This course examines the historical development of political thought in the United States by drawing on an analysis of original texts from the nation’s founding through the present. Prerequisite: None Co-requisite: None General Education Classification: Identity, Culture, & Society-EI

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Course Descriptions

L.CIT 485 - Systems Engineering

L.MUS 100 - Soundscapes

L.MUS 101 - Music Theory I-EC

L.MUS 102 - Music Theory II

L.MUS 103 - Aural Skills I

L.MUS 104 - Aural Skills II

L.MUS 110 - Voice

L.MUS 121 - Piano

L.MUS 122 - Organ

L.MUS 123 - Harpsichord

L.MUS 131 - Violin

L.MUS 132 - Viola

L.MUS 133 - Cello

L.MUS 134 - String

L.MUS 135 - Guitar

L.MUS 141 - Flute

L.MUS 142 - Oboe

L.MUS 143 - Clarinet

L.MUS 144 - Saxophone

L.MUS 145 - Bassoon

L.MUS 151 - Trumpet

L.MUS 152 - French Horn

L.MUS 153 - Trombone

L.MUS 154 - Baritone

L.MUS 155 - Tuba

L.MUS 160 - Percussion

L.MUS 174 - String Techniques

L.MUS 175 - Woodwind Techniques

L.MUS 176 - Brass Techniques

L.MUS 177 - Percussion Techniques

L.MUS 178 - Vocal Techniques

L.MUS 181 - Loras Wind Ensemble

L.MUS 182 - Loras Jazz Ensemble

L.MUS 183 - Loras Concert Choir

L.MUS 184 - Loras Chamber Singers

L.MUS 185 - Bella Voce (Women’s Choir)

L.MUS 186 - Con Brio (Men’s Choir)

L.MUS 188 - Chamber Ensembles

L.MUS 189 - Touring Choir

L.MUS 203 - Music Theory III

L.MUS 205 - Aural Skills III

L.MUS 214 - World Music and Cultures-EI

L.MUS 215 - Western European Music History from Antiquity through 1750

L.MUS 216 - Western European Music History from 1750 through Today

L.MUS 230 - Basic Conducting

L.MUS 233 - Curriculum and Instruction in Music K-6

L.MUS 295 - Topics

L.MUS 309 - Orchestration

L.MUS 321 - History of Sacred Music

L.MUS 337 - Secondary Music Methods

L.MUS 338 - Advanced Conducting

L.MUS 395 - Music Topics

L.MUS 450 - Senior Capstone-IN

L.NEU 201 - Behavioral Neuroscience

L.NEU 202 - Research Experience

L.NEU 211 - Techniques in Neuroscience

L.NEU 281 - Exploring the Brain through TBI

L.NEU 301 - Neuropsychiatric Diseases

L.NEU 311 - Hormones and Behavior

L.NEU 391 - Functional Neuroanatomy

L.NEU 490 - Junior Seminar I

L.NEU 491 - Senior Seminar II-IN

L.PHI 110 - Introduction to Philosophy-EI

L.PHI 111 - Introduction to Philosophy: J-Term-EC

L.PHI 150 - Introduction to Logic

L.PHI 220 - Ancient Philosophy

L.PHI 221 - Medieval Philosophy

L.PHI 225 - Art, Beauty & Meaning

L.PHI 235 - Science, Faith, and Knowledge

L.PHI 250 - Human Identity in Community-EI

L.PHI 278 - Bioethics, Society & Culture

L.PHI 301 - Foundations of Ethics

L.PHI 311 - Business Ethics-VX

L.PHI 322 - Modern Philosophy

L.PHI 323 - Contemporary Philosophy

L.PHI 331 - Knowledge, Truth & Reality

L.PHI 333 - Philosophy of God & Religion

L.PHI 345 - Sustainability Ethics-VX

L.PHI 348 - Philosophy of Science